Electrical Engineering V3

[Chryseus]

[QUOTE=Leestons;47317501]Youtube has a lot of good tutorials too.[/QUOTE]

Depends who you watch, some are really awful.

[gamerpaddy]

Switch or Encoder?
For left/right balancer, use a potentiometer.

[POLOPOZOZO]

a 4 stage switch
the reason I mentioned the balancer is that I'm looking for the same kind of tactile response of the detent in the center for each stage
so like a really smooth action for 60 or 45 degrees with a soft detent similar to that of the balancer knob

[Cakebatyr]

So I'm reading up for my Amateur Advanced license, and I realize I've never used a transistor. Not even in a circuit diagram.

All I know is they amplify current [del]and putting an NPN and PNP back to back makes a switch.[/Del]

[Papkee]

Does anyone know if DC Relay logic circuits will work on AC? All of my big ice cube relays run on AC, and I want to start making some logic, beginning with this one:

[URL="http://www.emil.matei.ro/onof2.php"]http://www.emil.matei.ro/onof2.php[/URL]

It doesn't say if it's for AC or DC, so I want to be sure.

[Van-man]

[QUOTE=papkee;47323061]Does anyone know if DC Relay logic circuits will work on AC? All of my big ice cube relays run on AC, and I want to start making some logic, beginning with this one:

[URL="http://www.emil.matei.ro/onof2.php"]http://www.emil.matei.ro/onof2.php[/URL]

It doesn't say if it's for AC or DC, so I want to be sure.[/QUOTE]

I can personally say that mixing up 12v DC and 12v AC relay coils is a bad idea.
Smoke and short circuits aplenty.

[Papkee]

[QUOTE=Van-man;47323116]I can personally say that mixing up 12v DC and 12v AC relay coils is a bad idea.
Smoke and short circuits aplenty.[/QUOTE]

Well they're all AC relays, but what I'm asking is if the circuit will work with AC or is it DC-only?

[nikomo]

[QUOTE=scratch (nl);47317803]blue seems to be the new green

[t]https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/43645231/photos/electro/2015-03-13%2023.14.44.jpg[/t]

and color correction is something my camera has no fucking intention of doing :v:[/QUOTE]

I remember a post from a guy who had to go through like 4 different PCB colours because he wanted to be unique, and colours kept being picked up my open hardware projects as "their" colours.
The last one in the line was Arduino's blue.

[Chryseus]

[QUOTE=Cakebatyr;47322615]So I'm reading up for my Amateur Advanced license, and I realize I've never used a transistor. Not even in a circuit diagram.

All I know is they amplify current [del]and putting an NPN and PNP back to back makes a switch.[/Del][/QUOTE]

Transistors come in two main types, bipolar and field effect.
Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT) are roughly current controlled, where some current through the base-emitter junction gives a larger current through the collector-emitter junction, depending on the circuit this can be realised as a gain in voltage or current.

Junction Field Effect Transistors (JFET) consist of a normally conducting semiconductor channel between the drain and source (similar to collector and emitter), a negative voltage (N type) or positive voltage (P type) applied to the gate (similar to base) reduces the width of the channel to the point the drain-source current falls to zero, unlike a BJT the gate current is near zero since it's (almost) never forward biased, JFETs are usually used in low noise amplifiers and RF so they are somewhat uncommon as a discrete component.

Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFET) are constructed similar to a JFET except the gate is insulated by a thin layer of silicon dioxide (usually), this means the gate current is even lower than a JFET and unlike a JFET a positive or negative voltage can be applied, most MOSFETs are enhancement type where they operate similar to a BJT, except without any current going through the gate (this isn't entirely true due to gate capacitance), depletion types are quite uncommon but behave similar to a JFET, MOSFETs are often used in high power applications where the practically zero gate current makes driving them very easy and a lot more efficient.

Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT) are relatively new, the are exclusively used in power applications (correct me if I'm wrong) where they offer the benefits of both the BJT and the MOSFET.

I suggest you get a breadboard and build some basic transistor circuits, try a simple BJT switching circuit, common emitter and common collector amplifier, if you have any questions post or feel free to talk to me on steam.

[QUOTE=papkee;47323142]Well they're all AC relays, but what I'm asking is if the circuit will work with AC or is it DC-only?[/QUOTE]

If you're talking about the coil:
A relay that is rated for DC it need to be given DC (you can of course also convert AC to DC).
If it's rated for AC you can usually drive it with DC, you may need to experiment with the voltage though.

If you're talking about the actual contact rating with DC you need to be quite conservative with voltage and current since the contacts can easily weld closed, generally you should not exceed 30V at 1/4 the AC current rating, higher voltage can be used at lower currents.

[Papkee]

[QUOTE=Chryseus;47324335]Transistors come in two main types, bipolar and field effect.
Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT) are roughly current controlled, where some current through the base-emitter junction gives a larger current through the collector-emitter junction, depending on the circuit this can be realised as a gain in voltage or current.

Junction Field Effect Transistors (JFET) consist of a normally conducting semiconductor channel between the drain and source (similar to collector and emitter), a negative voltage (N type) or positive voltage (P type) applied to the gate (similar to base) reduces the width of the channel to the point the drain-source current falls to zero, unlike a BJT the gate current is near zero since it's (almost) never forward biased, JFETs are usually used in low noise amplifiers and RF so they are somewhat uncommon as a discrete component.

Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFET) are constructed similar to a JFET except the gate is insulated by a thin layer of silicon dioxide (usually), this means the gate current is even lower than a JFET and unlike a JFET a positive or negative voltage can be applied, most MOSFETs are enhancement type where they operate similar to a BJT, except without any current going through the gate (this isn't entirely true due to gate capacitance), depletion types are quite uncommon but behave similar to a JFET, MOSFETs are often used in high power applications where the practically zero gate current makes driving them very easy and a lot more efficient.

Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT) are relatively new, the are exclusively used in power applications (correct me if I'm wrong) where they offer the benefits of both the BJT and the MOSFET.

I suggest you get a breadboard and build some basic transistor circuits, try a simple BJT switching circuit, common emitter and common collector amplifier, if you have any questions post or feel free to talk to me on steam.

If you're talking about the coil:
A relay that is rated for DC it need to be given DC (you can of course also convert AC to DC).
If it's rated for AC you can usually drive it with DC, you may need to experiment with the voltage though.

If you're talking about the actual contact rating with DC you need to be quite conservative with voltage and current since the contacts can easily weld closed, generally you should not exceed 30V at 1/4 the AC current rating, higher voltage can be used at lower currents.[/QUOTE]

Actually I think I'm not making my question clear.

I want to know if a [URL="http://www.emil.matei.ro/onof2.php"]relay logic circuit[/URL] will work with the AC relays I have. I know they're AC, I can run them on AC, and that's not the issue. I just wanted to know if the fact that the power supply is AC instead of DC would make the logic behavior of the circuit no longer work.

[Chryseus]

[QUOTE=papkee;47324430]Actually I think I'm not making my question clear.

I want to know if a [URL="http://www.emil.matei.ro/onof2.php"]relay logic circuit[/URL] will work with the AC relays I have. I know they're AC, I can run them on AC, and that's not the issue. I just wanted to know if the fact that the power supply is AC instead of DC would make the logic behavior of the circuit no longer work.[/QUOTE]

Ah I see, yes it should work exactly the same.

[Staneh]

[img]http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zqxKmgD5bQ0/T15lEuN5KrI/AAAAAAAABBg/TFe97PRsLm0/s1600/PT2399+Tap+Tempo.png[/img]

Would something like this be hard to make? Let's say I can get all components easily.

[Chryseus]

[QUOTE=Staneh;47326884]
Would something like this be hard to make? Let's say I can get all components easily.[/QUOTE]

Looks simple enough, just don't solder it with a blowtorch.

[Staneh]

Alright thanks, do you know where I can buy an empty board with the links and cuts?

[TCWilliamson]

[QUOTE=Staneh;47327021]Alright thanks, do you know where I can buy an empty board with the links and cuts?[/QUOTE]

I'd use matrix board instead. Buy from ebay.

[Falcqn]

[QUOTE=Staneh;47327021]Alright thanks, do you know where I can buy an empty board with the links and cuts?[/QUOTE]

Any stripboard will work fine, just use jumper wires for the links and a craft knife to scrape off the copper for the cuts.

[Chryseus]

You can get a cutter specifically designed for cutting stripboard tracks.

[Papkee]

Pretty relays.

[t]http://i.imgur.com/rPEE0JM.jpg[/t]

In other news, the circuit I was originally trying to make with these things is an ideal circuit, meaning it doesn't work for shit.

Currently trying to find a flip-flop circuit that is physically build able.

[PortalGod]

I'm not that deep into electronics at all, could I get some help identifying a part I'd need?

[img]http://i.imgur.com/130dwEW.png[/img]

this is what the part I need looks like, and here's the cable that connects to it (and a better picture of a similar cable I found on ebay):

[img]http://i.imgur.com/CD5t7ws.png[/img] [t]http://i.imgur.com/N3XFRtI.jpg[/t]

after a couple days, I've narrowed it down to possibly being [url=http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/1-1734742-2/A100233TR-ND/2180506]one[/url] [url=https://www.verical.com/pd/molex-ffc-fpc-528061210-877353?wm_ctID=250&wm_kwID=70581028&wm_mtID=1&gclid=CPeBppC4psQCFbTm7AodnmoAUg]of[/url] [url=http://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/Molex/52793-1270/?qs=sC9oT6LG9NAUmU4e%2FkKfTw%3D%3D&kpid=46193636&gclid=CI6dmNq3psQCFUpp7AodKlUASg]these[/url], but I could be completely off. can anyone link me to a part I could use? (cause [url=http://i.imgur.com/uwfpgUz.jpg]this[/url] isn't working :v:)

thanks!

[Papkee]

[video=youtube;100XBdx0AY8]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=100XBdx0AY8[/video]

Flip Flop Alpha version 0.1.

Apparently I have to debounce which I didn't think was a real problem outside the digital world.

[Zero-Point]

[QUOTE=papkee;47331382][video=youtube;100XBdx0AY8]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=100XBdx0AY8[/video]

Flip Flop Alpha version 0.1.

Apparently I have to debounce which I didn't think was a real problem outside the digital world.[/QUOTE]

Relays are on/off, just like TTL, so you're still using digital logic. :v:

[Papkee]

Think I might need to find an alternative. Turns out it's not the switch bounce. I but a timer relay on it to test, and it seems like it might be the relays themselves that need to be debounced somehow.

[video=youtube;oO-r7jYA6u4]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oO-r7jYA6u4[/video]

[No_Excuses]

I must say I'm a goddamn genius. Just look at how smartly I insulated these transistors from their mounting plate. No chance those will ever short to ground/eachother....:suicide:

[IMG]http://i.imgur.com/sO4qf0a.jpg?2[/IMG]

Aaand back to digikey I go to order my replacements. Please someone tell me they've done this before. I was so happy with my little mounting plate I made I overlooked the obvious metal screw issue.

[LoneWolf_Recon]

I've kept a supply of nylon screws before, and screwed up once with metal screws and a 2N3055 on a TO-3 heatsink. Thankfully the heatsink was painted..

[nikomo]

We have little plastic things that fit right into the hole of a TO220 package, at school.
Going to have to use one of those when I build my solar panel charge controller that I was made to design.
The thing I used to machine PCBs with at school broke, so can't make the board yet. Replacement part is 225€ and the shipping is 40€, for a simple machined aluminium thing, better be damn high precision machining for that price tag.

[No_Excuses]

[QUOTE=PortalGod;47330805]I'm not that deep into electronics at all, could I get some help identifying a part I'd need?

[img]http://i.imgur.com/130dwEW.png[/img]

this is what the part I need looks like, and here's the cable that connects to it (and a better picture of a similar cable I found on ebay):

[img]http://i.imgur.com/CD5t7ws.png[/img] [t]http://i.imgur.com/N3XFRtI.jpg[/t]

after a couple days, I've narrowed it down to possibly being [url=http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/1-1734742-2/A100233TR-ND/2180506]one[/url] [url=https://www.verical.com/pd/molex-ffc-fpc-528061210-877353?wm_ctID=250&wm_kwID=70581028&wm_mtID=1&gclid=CPeBppC4psQCFbTm7AodnmoAUg]of[/url] [url=http://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/Molex/52793-1270/?qs=sC9oT6LG9NAUmU4e%2FkKfTw%3D%3D&kpid=46193636&gclid=CI6dmNq3psQCFUpp7AodKlUASg]these[/url], but I could be completely off. can anyone link me to a part I could use? (cause [url=http://i.imgur.com/uwfpgUz.jpg]this[/url] isn't working :v:)

thanks![/QUOTE]

Whats the pin pitch of the cable? I would think it would be specified in the ebay listing. A pair of digital calipers would let you measure it...or even a ruler with 1mm markings would tell if if it's 1mm pitch, or something more or less than that.

[Ddrl46]

Time for the next project, this one is in really shitty condition including a bent frame and all fun stuff associated with that.

[url=http://i.imgur.com/HC3l8tp.jpg][img]http://i.imgur.com/HC3l8tpl.jpg[/img][/url]

But the front-end shielded can of this thing is quite impressive!
[url=http://i.imgur.com/xZLdmOZ.jpg][img]http://i.imgur.com/xZLdmOZl.jpg[/img][/url]

Closeup of the input amplifier and thermopile:
[url=http://i.imgur.com/ZAnK2WG.jpg][img]http://i.imgur.com/ZAnK2WGl.jpg[/img][/url]

[proboardslol]

So I've only got 2 kinds of resistors right now: 330 and 10k. I wanna make basic logic gates with a tip120 or a p2n transistor but i don't have the right resistors. is there anything I can do with this combination or am I better off just buying more equipment?

[shodan]

I just got myself a couple of [url=http://www.hobbyelectronica.nl/product/pl2303hx-usb-naar-uart-ttlusb-ttl-programmer-module/]uart interface USBs[/url] and I was wondering if you guys know any good pointers to any websites that explain how to use these. I wanna do silly stuff like hook it up to my dvd player and see what it outputs.

[Chryseus]

[QUOTE=proboardslol;47352346]So I've only got 2 kinds of resistors right now: 330 and 10k. I wanna make basic logic gates with a tip120 or a p2n transistor but i don't have the right resistors. is there anything I can do with this combination or am I better off just buying more equipment?[/QUOTE]

Go to ebay and get a pack of E12 series resistors, only cost you like $4 or less.

[QUOTE=Mega1mpact;47353901]I just got myself a couple of [url=http://www.hobbyelectronica.nl/product/pl2303hx-usb-naar-uart-ttlusb-ttl-programmer-module/]uart interface USBs[/url] and I was wondering if you guys know any good pointers to any websites that explain how to use these. I wanna do silly stuff like hook it up to my dvd player and see what it outputs.[/QUOTE]

You'll have to find which pins are used by the UART, usually you'd do this with an oscilloscope or a logic analyser but you could check the datasheet of the chip you're interested in, serial can be done entirely in software as well so it could be on any pin assuming it uses plain old serial in the first place.
For chip to chip communication SPI and I2C are much more common than serial, you'd also need to figure out the baud rate, number of data bits, parity and number of stop bits, most common is 9600 baud, 8 data bits, no parity and 1 stop bit.